Koldinghus Rytterdistrikt land & tax records

Lisa Petersen · 17 Maj 2020 - 14:21

Can someone explain what these Koldinghus Rytterdistrikt land & tax records are, how to use them, the information they contain?

1a. 2. Jyske Regiments Ryttergods fæsteprotokoller, 1695-1699, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89WN-FNHS?i=3&cat=392945
1b. 2. Jyske Regiments Ryttergods fæsteprotokoller, 1700-1717, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9WN-N4QV?i=313&cat=392945

2. Koldinghus Rytterdistrikt, fæstebrev, 1719-1739, not available, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-L3J5-6VBQ?i=515&cat=394246

3. Koldinghus Rytterdistrikt, fæstespecifikationer, 1721, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-P3J5-62SM?i=518&cat=394246

4a. Koldinghus Rytterdistrikt, resolutionsprotokol, 1725-1733, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-L3J5-6X6L?i=2&cat=394246
4b. Koldinghus Rytterdistrikt, resolutionsprotokol, 1733-1765, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-P3J5-FNVG?i=2&cat=394246

5. Koldinghus Rytterdistrikt, jordebog, 1733, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-L3J5-6298?i=2&cat=394246

6. Koldinghus Rytterdistrikt, ægtbog, 1727-1749, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-L3J5-6Z8B?i=2&cat=394246

7. Koldinghus Rytterdistrikt, skatteprotokoller, 1719-1726, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-L3J5-XZFL?i=42&cat=394246

8. Koldinghus Rytterdistrikt, afskrivningsbog over tiender, 1723-1729, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-L3J5-VG6L?i=2&cat=394246

My comments & questions:

1. I think these are the earliest fæsteprotokoller records for this area. After 1717, where do I look?
2. I don't know why this is listed on FS. It is not available on AO or in DAISY.
3. What are fæstespecifikationer? They are in DAISY from 1721 to 1755 but not on AO.
4. What are resolutionsprotokoller?
5. Who is listed here? Only people who are copyholders (so then I should look in the fæsteprotokoller)?
6. I have no idea what this is. Is it useful in any way?
7. They are paying taxes? On what? The land or crops? Are they all copyholders?
8. These are tithes? Who is paying them? Should everyone here also be listed in the skatteprotokoller?

I am planning to look at every page of these records (because I have many ancestors here) and it would be nice to understand a little about them first.

Thank you very much.

Lisa Petersen
near Washington, D.C.

Grethe Leerbech · 17 Maj 2020 - 16:58

Hi Lisa

A lot of questions
I'll take them a litlle per time, because i have now deleted my answer twice....

You are lucky to find them at FS, sometimes FS has archieves which we cannot find in AO. I also look in FS to see if they have something which has not been digitized. One can ask FS to digitize some arhieve if you can see them, but they write" not available". It takes about 3 weeks for them to put them on the net.
1. Fæsteprotokoller are overviews over the copyholders and fæstebreve are normally a copy of the signed contract between the copyholder and the landlord, here the king... You many times find copy of contracts in the protocols too.
2. Fæstespecifications are rules over the work and how to held the buildings, harvest etc. also if one is obliges to keep horses for the king or cavallery etc. Fæstespecifications do not always give the name of the copyholder- they mostly concerns a group of them ex. those who are allowed to fish, or collect weed in the forrest etc.

Grethe Leerbech · 17 Maj 2020 - 17:09

Fæsteprotokollerne/fæstebrevene goes to 1739 se your number 3. but are not available digitzed- are they at FS?
Resolutionsprotokols or sessions are regulations and conditions for the copyholder how to work for the landlord/king and when , to become a soldier, to pay taxes etc. Mostly they are given for a village or a sogn. It is the local administrations regulations and rules for their farmers, villagers f.eks. shoemakers and so on. The local administration or the landlord with his staff held a monthly , more or seldom - session how to administrate the area, but regulations could also come from the king,I have not looked inside, so I am not sure if the single copyholders name should be there, but normally they wouldn't, only if there is a special regulation for the single copyholder f.eks. if he is a ferry man too or are allowed to fish or hunt!

6. Ægtbog is a travel account of whom has travel to where, the dates and the price- maybe also what they have done and if they have got money with them - to pay for the travel etc.

Grethe Leerbech · 17 Maj 2020 - 17:26

7. Jordebog is a protokol over all the land and all the farms of an estate, here the rytterdistrikt- the kings estate. It tells the name of the copyholder, and the size of his land in tønder (tdr.) skæpper (skp.) fjerdingkar (fjd) and album (alb) often written so. 3.2.4.½ . The estate should make them for the king so he could see how much tax the landlord totally shall pay. -
The landlord didn't pay tax himself only the copyholders, the millers, the shoemakers, fishers etc.
In 1600 and 1500 century they are often the only archieve where we are able to find our ancestors.
The landlords used them as mortgages when they borrowed money, also they sometimes sold and bought farms in different places or inherited some, and then they should make a jordebog.

skatteprotokoller, contens an overview over all the copyholders and villagers and how much tax they should pay. About taxes. Yes the copyholders should pay taxes, the so called landgilde but also other taxes could be ex. war tax, or tax to the king etc.
landgilde shall be paid once a year according to the landsize and the crops (harvest)
afskrivningsbog over tiende. Often the copyholder couldn't pay all the tax once so he paid in instalments, mosltly twice a yoer but sometimes more. sometimes a copyholder could pay in naturalies because he hadn't no money. so this is a protokol over how much and when the copyholder has paid his tax. mentioned with name

I already found your Shollerman(Scholler) in some of the protocols, so god luck hoping you are able to get help because they are hard to read.

venlig hilsen
Grethe

Lisa Petersen · 18 Maj 2020 - 00:41

Hej Grethe

Thank you for all the details about these different records. I have a plan now to look at the fæsteprotokoller, the jordebog, the skattepr. and afskrivningsbog, and the resolutionsprotokoller (maybe not the ægtbog). Since I am still at home most of the time, I can look at all the pages.

Yes, I am lucky that FS has these records digitized! I will look again at the fæstebrev in case they become available.

Thanks again for the help.

Lisa P.
near Washington, D.C.

Lisa Petersen · 03 Jun 2020 - 21:55

I looked at all the records and thought I would summarize what I noticed.

1a & 1b. fæsteprotokoller — They are good records. Sometimes the copyholder's birth place and name of father is given, which is helpful if they were born before the church records start.

2. fæstebrev — I think these don't exist.

3. fæstespecifikationer — These are good records, and seem to include requests for land tenancy, for example https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-P3J5-62FY?i=527&cat=394246. I didn't find any of my relatives, but 1721 is the only year on AO. DAISY has 1721-1755. Is there a way to ask AO to scan the 1721-1755 microfilm?

4. resolutionsprotokoller — These are also good, and like the specifikationer, they have records that look like requests for land, for example, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-P3J5-6NH7?i=167&cat=394246.

5. jordebog for 1733 — I think some entries mention current and previous leaseholders, for example #6 https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-L3J5-6L7D?i=86&cat=394246.

6. ægtbog — I looked at random pages, it seems most of the people are traveling to do administrative business for the rytterdistrikt, and my relatives were farmers. On one page I saw a prisoner being transported.

7. & 8. skatteprotokoller & afskrivningsbog — Well, these are not so interesting. At first I thought I could use them to estimate a death year when the copyholder stops appearing on the lists, but that won't work if they simply copied last year's list each new year and didn't check who died.

I might have questions later about how to interpret some of the records I found.

Many thanks!

Lisa P.
near Washington, D.C.

Grethe Leerbech · 08 Jun 2020 - 14:03

Hi Lisa

Saw your answer to-day. Yes you can ask AO to scan the rest of the microfilm from the fæstespecifikationer. But if they are on microfilm I
am almost sure that FS also have them and many times it goes faster to ask FS to scan the microfilm or to put the microfilm on the net.

I will here translate the headers from the fæstespecifikationer, the one you put as an example. It is really good that you "dare" to go in clinch with all those protocols, many danes have difficulties in doing this (cannot read them)

I have moved into my sommerhouse, so it is seldom I visit my flat. In summer I mostly doesn't make any genealogy, but work and enjoy my garden and the nature around me also the beach.I have a lot of woods and farmland and also commons and fringes with small lakes and waterholes. So I walk there enjoy the plants, the birds and animals. And the beach is only 20 minutes bicycling away.

But here are the headers:

Fra hvem godset er belagt/Which Estate is the farm to be taxed from
No. /no.
Bondens navn efter krigs jordebog og nuværende beboer/The farmes name after the war "jordebog" and the present inhabitant
Hans korn /His crops (means how much land he has in tdr.skp.fjdr.alb.
Landgilde efter gammel jordebog/ Landgilde (could say soiltax) (copied) after the old jordebog (and how much he shall pay of what) ex. Rhye, oats, barley, also Lambs, hens, geese, and ex. butter, whool also ex. Årlig penge = money yearly
Landgilde efter hvis udi Sessionen er accorderet eller anført at skal svarre/ Landgilde after what at the session is agreed or after what he shall pay . This is mostly empty-not filled in.
Particuliar.Erindringer af Sessionen/Particular. (Notes) from the Session . it is difficult to translate the word "Erindringer" means something as "what one has remembered from the session" . written in Rigsdaler, mark and skilling Rd. M. The skilling is not mentioned here only the Rd and M. sometimes the amount is in the field: Particuliar and sometimes the amount is written in the second field: "Erindringer from the session" I cannet explain the difference and why. I think it means that he has been granted lesser tax at the session, maybe because his eldest son also has been a soldier. but that is pure speculation.
Rentekammerets approbation/The approval of the Rentekammeret (the royal tax. institution)

Grethe
Elsinore

Lisa Petersen · 17 Jun 2020 - 20:30

Hej Grethe

Thanks for your reply and the transcriptions from the jordebog. I have found some older jordebøger on FS, cataloged under Danmark Rentekammeret instead of Koldinghus Rytterdistrikt, so maybe those were the ones previous to the 1733 I found above. I also found some other types of records I want to look at, kasseregnskaber, kontributionsregnskaber, ekstraskattemandtaller, and more, enough to keep me busy for a long time. I might post some examples with questions later.

I always hope I might discover some interesting information, so the extra effort to look at these old records and try to read the old handwriting is worth it to me. It's not easy to find an English guide to using records this old that not many (American) researchers care about, so your explanations in response to my questions before help me understand what life was like back then.

Enjoy your summer with nature!

Lisa P.